CERN launched the first commercial World Wide Web server, opening the internet to global public and commercial use.
📍 Geneva, Switzerland
The first successful message was sent over ARPANET, laying the foundation for what would become the modern Internet.
📍 California, USA
NASA launched Mercury-Atlas 5 carrying Enos the chimpanzee, a critical test flight paving the way for American human spaceflight.
📍 Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA
Israel invaded Egypt's Sinai Peninsula, initiating the Suez Crisis, a major Cold War conflict involving Britain, France, and Egypt.
📍 Sinai Peninsula, Egypt
The Soviet Union successfully tested its first thermonuclear bomb, intensifying the nuclear arms race during the Cold War.
📍 Novaya Zemlya, USSR
Richard Dreyfuss, acclaimed American actor known for roles in films like 'Jaws' and 'The Goodbye Girl,' was born.
📍 Brooklyn, New York, USA
László Bíró patented the modern ballpoint pen, revolutionizing writing instruments and everyday communication worldwide.
📍 Argentina
British forces launched their first commando raid during World War II, introducing a new form of special operations warfare.
📍 France
The U.S. stock market collapsed on Black Tuesday, marking the beginning of the Great Depression and causing global economic turmoil.
📍 New York City, USA
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk declared the foundation of the Republic of Turkey, marking the end of the Ottoman Empire and the beginning of modern Turkish statehood.
📍 Ankara, Turkey
The first teletype machine was introduced, transforming long-distance communication by automating telegraphy.
📍 USA
The first official airmail flight between Austria and Hungary took place, marking a milestone in international postal services.
📍 Vienna, Austria - Budapest, Hungary
Joseph Pulitzer, pioneering journalist whose name became synonymous with excellence in journalism through the Pulitzer Prizes, died.
📍 Charleston, South Carolina, USA
Joseph Goebbels, who would become Adolf Hitler’s Minister of Propaganda and a key figure in spreading Nazi ideology, was born.
📍 Rheydt, Germany
Nathan Bedford Forrest, controversial Confederate general and early leader of the Ku Klux Klan, died in Memphis.
📍 Memphis, Tennessee, USA
France officially adopted the metric system, setting a global standard for measurement still used by most countries today.
📍 Paris, France
James Boswell, Scottish writer famed for his biography of Samuel Johnson, setting a standard for modern biographical writing, was born.
📍 Edinburgh, Scotland
Hungary declared independence following the defeat of Ottoman forces at the Battle of Vienna, marking a turning point in European history.
📍 Budapest, Hungary
Edmund Halley, English astronomer known for calculating the orbit of Halley’s Comet, was born.
📍 London, England
English explorer and courtier Sir Walter Raleigh was executed for treason, ending the life of one of the Elizabethan era’s most notable figures.
📍 London, England