The African Union launched its Agenda 2063 framework, outlining a strategic roadmap for inclusive growth, sustainable development, and African unity over the next five decades.
📍 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Germany officially opened the Bertha Benz Memorial Route to commemorate the world's first long-distance car journey made by Bertha Benz in 1888, recognizing a milestone in automotive history.
📍 Mannheim to Pforzheim, Germany
The Soviet Union formally acknowledged the de facto independence of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, paving the way for international recognition of their sovereignty later that year.
📍 Moscow, Soviet Union
UNICEF began global coordination of the Polio Eradication Initiative, aiming to eliminate the disease through mass immunization and international cooperation.
📍 Geneva, Switzerland
China enacted a new constitution emphasizing modernization and legal reform following the Cultural Revolution. This marked a turning point in the nation’s political and economic trajectory.
📍 Beijing, China
Charles de Gaulle resigned from the presidency of the provisional French government, opposing the parliamentary system’s dominance. He later returned to lead the Fifth Republic.
📍 Paris, France
Jozef Tiso was sworn in as president of the Nazi-aligned Slovak Republic. His regime collaborated with the Axis powers during World War II and was later condemned for war crimes.
📍 Bratislava, Slovakia
Franklin D. Roosevelt was inaugurated as the 32nd President of the United States. His first inaugural address included the famous line, 'the only thing we have to fear is fear itself,' launching the New Deal era.
📍 Washington, D.C., United States
Frances Perkins was sworn in as Secretary of Labor under Franklin D. Roosevelt, becoming the first woman in U.S. history to serve in a presidential cabinet. She played a key role in New Deal reforms.
📍 Washington, D.C., United States
A National Flag Conference was held in Washington, D.C., to standardize the rules for displaying and respecting the U.S. flag, leading to the creation of the official Flag Code a decade later.
📍 Washington, D.C., United States
New York City installed one of the world’s earliest standardized electric traffic light systems, pioneering urban road safety and traffic control infrastructure globally.
📍 New York City, United States
Russia and the United Kingdom signed the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, resolving colonial tensions in Central Asia and shaping the geopolitical boundaries of the region known as 'The Great Game.'
📍 Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
In Gibbons v. Ogden, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that Congress had the authority to regulate interstate commerce, significantly expanding federal power and shaping American economic law.
📍 Washington, D.C., United States
Congress approved funding for the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore the newly acquired Louisiana Territory, initiating one of the most important explorations in U.S. and global geographic history.
📍 Washington, D.C., United States
The U.S. Supreme Court convened for the first time in Washington, D.C., at the new national capital, solidifying the federal judiciary’s presence within the U.S. constitutional system.
📍 Washington, D.C., United States
John Adams took the oath of office as the second President of the United States. His presidency followed George Washington and helped shape early American foreign policy and internal party divisions.
📍 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
The U.S. Congress authorized the construction of six frigates, formally establishing the United States Navy. This marked a major step in asserting U.S. maritime defense and global presence.
📍 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Vermont was admitted to the Union as the 14th state, becoming the first state added after the original 13 colonies and setting a precedent for westward expansion in U.S. history.
📍 Vermont, United States
The new U.S. federal government officially began operations under the Constitution, replacing the Articles of Confederation and marking the birth of the U.S. as a constitutional republic.
📍 New York City, United States
The 1st United States Congress convened in New York City, initiating the first full term of the new American legislative body and shaping foundational laws under the U.S. Constitution.
📍 Federal Hall, New York City, United States